This is a continuation of our efforts to maintain a record of the evolution of HIV-1 infection in Puerto Rico by monitoring\r\nthe expression levels of antiretroviral drug-resistance-associated mutations. Samples from 2,500 patients from 2006ââ?¬â??2010 were\r\nanalyzed using the TruGene HIV-1 genotyping kit and the OpenGene DNA sequencing system. Results show that 58.8% of males\r\nand 65.3% of females had HIV-1 with resistance to at least one medication. The average number of HIVmutations was 6.0 in males\r\nand 6.1 in females. Statistically significant differences between men and women were recorded in the levels of HIV-1 expressed\r\nmutations and antiretroviral drug resistance. The most prevalent antiretroviral medication resistance shifted from zalcitabine to\r\nnevirapine and efavirenz in the five-year period. M184V and L63P were the dominant mutations for the reverse transcriptase and\r\nthe protease genes, respectively, but an increase in the incidence of minority mutations was observed.
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